All Issue

2024 Vol.56, Issue 6 Preview Page

Research Article

Preparation of Hydrogels Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose with Electron Beam Irradiation

전자빔 조사를 이용한 친환경 하이드로겔의 제조 및 특성

Sa Rang Choi12
,
So Yeong Park3
,
Hyeon Ji Im3
,
Jin-hyeong Kim4
,
Ji Hyun Park4
,
Jung Myoung Lee5†
최 사랑12
,
박 소영3
,
임 현지3
,
김 진형4
,
박 지현4
,
이 중명5†
1Kyungpook National University
2Biocellco Co.Ltd., Republic of Korea
3Major in Wood and Paper Science, Dept. of Wood and Paper Science, School of Forestry, Science and Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University
4GEV Co. Ltd., Republic of Korea
5Major in Wood and Paper Science, Dept. of Wood and Paper Science, School of Forestry, Science and Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University
1경북대학교 강사
2(주)바이오셀코 대표
3경북대학교 산림과학·조경학부 임산공학전공 학생
4㈜제브 연구원
5경북대학교 산림과학·조경학부 임산공학전공 교수
†Corresponding author: E-Mail: jmylee@knu.ac.kr (Address: Major in Wood and Paper Science, Dept. of Wood and Paper Science, School of Forestry, Science and Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea)
30 December 2024. pp. 76-83
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Cellulose-based hydrogels possess excellent water absorption capabilities, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility, making them widely applicable across various fields. Using high-energy electron beam irradiation for crosslinking offers a simpler process than traditional thermal polymerization-based chemical crosslinking methods. It also provides sterilization benefits, resulting in time and cost efficiency. In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was mixed with citric acid (CA) and crosslinked using a low electron beam irradiation dose at 7 kGy to fabricate hydrogels. The effects of CMC concentration and CA on hydrogel properties were analyzed. Results showed that increasing the CMC concentration improved crosslinking efficiency, enhancing the 3-dimensional network structure. The addition of CA facilitated chemical crosslinking, leading to hydrogels with superior performance. Notably, the CMC10/CA sample exhibited a high gel fraction (68%), superior water absorption capacity (170 g/g), and excellent mechanical strength. These findings provide foundational data for the future development of green superabsorbent materials.

Keywords
Carboxymethyl cellulose
citric acid
electron-beam
radiation cross-linking
hydrogel
References
1

Singh N., Agarwal, S., Jain, A., and Khan, S., 3-Dimensional cross linked hydrophilic polymeric network "hydrogels": An agriculture boom, Agricultural Water Management 253:106939 (2021).

10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106939
2

Zhang, Z., Fu, H., Li, Z., Huang, J., Xu, Z., Lai, Y., and Zhang, S., Hydrogel materials for sustainable water resources harvesting & treatment: Synthesis, mechanism and applications, Chemical Engineering Journal 439:135756 (2022).

10.1016/j.cej.2022.135756
3

Mohapatra, S., Mirza, M. A., Hilles, A. R., Zakir, F., Gomes, A. C., Ansari, M. J., Iqbal Z., and Mahmood, S., Biomedical application, patent repository, clinical trial and regulatory updates on hydrogel: An extensive review, Gels 7(4):207 (2021).

10.3390/gels704020734842705PMC8628667
4

Sikdar, P., Uddin, M. M., Dip, T. M., Islam, S., Hoque, M. S., Dhar, A. K., and Wu, S., Recent advances in the synthesis of smart hydrogels, Materials Advances 2(14):4532-4573 (2021).

10.1039/D1MA00193K
5

Panda, S. K., Bio-based Versus Petro-based Superabsorbent Polymers, In Bio-based Superabsorbents: Recent Trends, Types, Applications and Recycling, Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore 51-65 (2023).

10.1007/978-981-99-3094-4_3PMC10695841
6

Mushtaq, F., Raza, Z. A., Batool, S. R., Zahid, M., Onder, O. C., Rafique, A., and Nazeer, M. A., Preparation, properties, and applications of gelatin-based hydrogels (GHs) in the environmental, technological, and biomedical sectors, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 218:601-633 (2022).

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.16835902015
7

Kumar, A., Sood, A., Agrawal, G., Thakur, S., Thakur, V. K., Tanaka, M., and Han, S. S., Polysaccharides, proteins, and synthetic polymers based multimodal hydrogels for various biomedical applications: A review, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 125606 (2023).

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.12560637406894
8

Mori, R., Replacing all petroleum-based chemical products with natural biomass-based chemical products: a tutorial review, RSC Sustainability 1(2):179-212 (2023).

10.1039/D2SU00014H
9

Oladosu, Y., Rafii, M. Y., Arolu, F., Chukwu, S. C., Salisu, M. A., Fagbohun, I. K., Muftaudeen, T. K., Swaray, S., and Haliru, B. S., Superabsorbent polymer hydrogels for sustainable agriculture: A review, Horticulturae 8(7):605 (2022).

10.3390/horticulturae8070605
10

Sharma, S. and Bhende, M., An overview: non-toxic and eco-friendly polysaccharides-its classification, properties, and diverse applications, Polymer Bulletin 1-47 (2024).

10.1007/s00289-024-05307-9
11

Biswal, T., BadJena, S. K., and Pradhan, D., Sustainable biomaterials and their applications: A short review, Materials Today: Proceedings 30:274-282 (2020).

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.01.437
12

Kundu, R., Mahada, P., Chhirang, B., and Das, B., Cellulose hydrogels: Green and sustainable soft biomaterials, Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 5:100252 (2022).

10.1016/j.crgsc.2021.100252
13

Choi, S. R. and Lee, J. M., Fabrication of superabsorbent material from carboxymethyl cellulose and seaweed, Journal of Korea TAPPI 54(1):26-34 (2022).

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2022.2.54.1.26
14

Rahman, M. S., Hasan, M. S., Nitai, A. S., Nam, S., Karmakar, A. K., Ahsan, M. S., and Ahmed, M. B., Recent developments of carboxymethyl cellulose, Polymers 13(8):1345 (2021).

10.3390/polym1308134533924089PMC8074295
15

Swilem, A. E., Oyama, T. G., Oyama, K., Kimura, A., and Taguchi, M., Development of carboxymethyl cellulose/gelatin hybrid hydrogels via radiation-induced cross-linking as novel anti-adhesion barriers, Polymer Degradation and Stability 197:109856 (2022).

10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109856
16

Choi, S. R. and Lee, J. M., Fabrication and characterization of biomass-derived superabsorbent Bio-gel, Journal of Korea TAPPI 55(3):51-59 (2023).

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2023.6.55.3.51
17

Choi, S. R. and Lee, J. M., Fabrication of superabsorbent biogel from carboxymethyl cellulose, Journal of Korea TAPPI 53(1):47-54 (2021).

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2021.02.53.1.47
18

El-Naggar, A. W. M., Abd Alla, S. G., and Said, H. M., Temperature and pH responsive behaviours of CMC/AAc hydrogels prepared by electron beam irradiation, Materials Chemistry and Physics 95(1):158-163 (2006).

10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.05.037
19

Chellathurai, M. S., Chung, L. Y., Hilles, A. R., Sofian, Z. M., Singha, S., Ghosal, K., and Mahmood, S., Pharmaceutical chitosan hydrogels: A review on its design and applications, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 135775 (2024).

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.13577539307491
20

Jóźwiak, T., Filipkowska, U., Szymczyk, P., Rodziewicz, J., and Mielcarek, A., Effect of ionic and covalent crosslinking agents on properties of chitosan beads and sorption effectiveness of Reactive Black 5 dye, Reactive and Functional Polymers 114:58-74 (2017).

10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.03.007
21

Cui, C., Jia, Y., Sun, Q., Yu, M., Ji, N., Dai, L., and Sun, Q., Recent advances in the preparation, characterization, and food application of starch-based hydrogels, Carbohydrate Polymers 291:119624 (2022).

10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.11962435698350
22

Ashfaq, A., Clochard, M. C., Coqueret, X., Dispenza, C., Driscoll, M. S., Ulański, P., and Al-Sheikhly, M., Polymerization reactions and modifications of polymers by ionizing radiation, Polymers 12(12):2877 (2020).

10.3390/polym1212287733266261PMC7760743
23

Pal, T. S. and Singha, N. K., Radiation-induced polymer modification and polymerization, In Radiation Technologies and Applications in Materials Science, pp. 99-122 (2022).

10.1201/9781003321910-4PMC8897830
24

Chen, N., Wang, H., Ling, C., Vermerris, W., Wang, B., and Tong, Z., Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel composite for pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery, Carbohydrate Polymers 225:115207 (2019).

10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.11520731521293
25

Fei, B., Wach, R. A., Mitomo, H., Yoshii, F., and Kume, T., Hydrogel of biodegradable cellulose derivatives. I. Radiation‐induced crosslinking of CMC, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 78(2):278-283 (2000).

10.1002/1097-4628(20001010)78:2<278::AID-APP60>3.0.CO;2-9
26

Mali, K. K., Dhawale, S. C., Dias, R. J., Dhane, N. S., and Ghorpade, V. S., Citric acid crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose-based composite hydrogel films for drug delivery, Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 80(4):657-667 (2018).

10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000405
27

Wang, C., Ma, R., Huang, Z., Liu, X., Wang, T., and Chen, K., Preparation and characterization of carboxymethylcellulose based citric acid cross-linked magnetic aerogel as an efficient dye adsorbent, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 181:1030-1038 (2021).

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.07833887293
28

Stojkov, G., Niyazov, Z., Picchioni, F., and Bose, R. K., Relationship between structure and rheology of hydrogels for various applications, Gels 7(4):255 (2021).

10.3390/gels704025534940315PMC8700820
29

Hao, J. and Weiss, R. A., Viscoelastic and mechanical behavior of hydrophobically modified hydrogels, Macromolecules 44(23):9390-9398 (2011).

10.1021/ma202130u
30

Aparicio‐Saguilán, A., Méndez‐Montealvo, G., Solorza‐Feria, J., and Bello‐Pérez, L. A., Thermal and viscoelastic properties of starch gels from maize varieties, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 86(7):1078-1086 (2006).

10.1002/jsfa.2461
31

Wang, J., Guo, Y., Yu, W., Zhou, C., and Steeman, P., Linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of polymer/silica nanocomposites: an understanding from modulus decomposition, Rheologica Acta 55:37-50 (2016).

10.1007/s00397-015-0895-2
Information
  • Publisher :Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국펄프종이공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korea TAPPI
  • Journal Title(Ko) :펄프종이기술
  • Volume : 56
  • No :6
  • Pages :76-83
  • Received Date : 2024-11-18
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-11
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7584/JKTAPPI.2024.12.56.6.76
Journal Informaiton Journal of Korea TAPPI Journal of Korea TAPPI
Online Submission
  • scopus
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • crossref crossmark
  • crossref cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close