Characteristics of Fuel Pellets Made by Mixing Paper Sludge and Forest Byproducts

Hyeong-Hun Park; Jin-Hwa Park; Chul-Hwan Kim; Chung-Ha Lee; Ji-Su Lee

doi:10.7584/JKTAPPI.2022.12.54.6.94

All Issue

2022 Vol.54, Issue 6 Preview Page Next Page

Characteristics of Fuel Pellets Made by Mixing Paper Sludge and Forest Byproducts

30 December 2022. pp. 94-105

PDF XML

Abstract

In this study, for reusing the sludge generated in a fine paper mill as fuel, the characteristics of the pellets prepared by mixing auxiliary raw materials such as pulp mill chip rejects, camellia oilseed cake, Sancho pruning remnants, and mulberry pruning remnants were evaluated. The pellet yield decreased as more sludge containing about 50% of the inorganic fillers was mixed with each auxiliary material, but the camellia oilseed cake, unlike the others, was of great help in improving the pellet yield. The Van Krevelen diagram showed that, as more sludge was added to the woody biomass in preparing the pellets, they tended to have a similar elemental composition to that of coal or lignite. The sludge addition to the woody biomass had a negative effect on the calorific value of the pellets, but the lower calorific value of 2400-3000 kcal/kg was acquired even when more than 50% of sludge was added. The sludge pellets containing the camellia oilseed cake had a faster ignition point than those mixed with the other woody biomass, but the flame duration was shorter. This study showed that the sludge from fine paper mills containing about 50% of cellulose fibers could be used to produce economical solid fuels if mixed with other woody biomass in an appropriate ratio.

Keywords

Paper mill sludge

woody biomass

solid fuels

pellets

calorific value

References

Literature Cited

Yang, C. W., Kwon, H. M., Bang, B. R., Jeong, S. H. and Lee, U. D., Role of biomass as low-carbon energy source in the era of net zero emissions, Fuel 328:125206 (2022).

10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125206

Kim, D. W., Phae, C. G., Park, J. S. and Kim, J. D., Analysis of material flow and treatment status of waste generated in paper making process, Journal of the Korean Society of Waste Management P7-02:153-154 (2018).

Lee, J. Y., Kim, C. H., Kown, S. and Park, H. H., Effect of composting of paper mill sluge for land spreading, Journal of the Korean Society of Waste Management 32(4):691-698 (2017).

10.3183/npprj-2017-32-04_p691-698_kim

Gea, T., Artola, A. and Sánchez, A., Composting of de-inking sludge from the recycled paper manufacturing industry, Bioresource Technology 96(10):1161-1167 (2005).

10.1016/j.biortech.2004.09.025

Taramian, A., Doosthoseini, K., Mirshokraii, S. A. and Faezipour, M., Particleboard manufacturing: an innovative way to recycle paper sludge, Waste Management 27(12):1739-1746 (2007).

10.1016/j.wasman.2006.09.009

Yan, S., Sagoe-Crentsil, K. and Shapiro, G., Reuse of de-inking sludge from wastepaper recycling in cement mortar products, Journal of Environmental Management 92(8):2085-2090 (2011).

10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.03.028

Song, D. B., Bae, E. J., Kim, C. H. and Huh, M. R., Analysis of plant growth effects using seedling pots made from paper mill sludges, Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry 42(2):12-19 (2010).

Tucker, P., Co-composting paper mill sludges with fruit and vegetable wastes. University of Paisley, Paisley (2005).

Camberato, J. J., Gagnon, B., Angers, D. A., Chantigny, M. H. and Pan, W. L., Pulp and paper mill by-products as soil amendments and plant nutrient sources, Canadian Journal of Soil Science 86(4):641-653 (2006).

10.4141/S05-120

Lee, C. Y., Kim, C. H., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. S., Goo, H. K., Park, J. H. and Ryu, J. H., Exploration of alternative woody biomass for manufacturing biopellets, Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry 52(6):34-46 (2020).

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2020.12.52.6.34

Lee, M. S., Kim, C. H., Lee, J. Y., Park, J. H., Ryu, J. H. and Park, J. H., A Study on the fuel characteristics of pellets manufactured by unused lignocellulosic biomass and hardwood chips, Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry 53(6):113-126 (2021).

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2021.12.53.6.113

Poudel, J., Karki, S. and Oh, S. C., Valorization of waste wood as a solid fuel by torrefaction, Energies 11:1641-1651 (2018).

10.3390/en11071641

Tumuluru, J. S., Conner, C. C. and Hoover, A. N., Method to produce durable pellets at lower energy consumption using high moisture corn stover and a corn starch binder in a flat die pellet mill, Jr. of Visualized Experiments 112:54092-54105 (2016).

10.3791/54092

Sarmah, K., Das, P., Saikia, G. K. and Sarmah, T. C., Biochemical characterization of tea (Camellia spp) seed oil cake, Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci. 7:45-49 (2018).

Manyuchi, M. M., Mbohwa, C., and Muzenda, E., Value addition of coal fines and sawdust to briquettes using molasses as a binder, South African Journal of Chemical Engineering 26:70-73 (2018).

10.1016/j.sajce.2018.09.004

Ståhl, M., Berghel, J., Frodeson, S., Granström, K. and Renström, R., Effects on pellet properties and energy use when starch is added in the wood-fuel pelletizing process, Energy & Fuels 26(3):1937-1945 (2012).

10.1021/ef201968r

Information

Publisher :Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
Publisher(Ko) :한국펄프종이공학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korea TAPPI
Journal Title(Ko) :펄프종이기술
Volume : 54
No :6
Pages :94-105
Received Date : 2022-12-01
Revised Date : 2022-12-20
Accepted Date : 2022-12-22
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7584/JKTAPPI.2022.12.54.6.94

Journal of Korea TAPPI ISSN:0253-3200(Print) 펄프종이기술

All Issue

Literature Cited